Indian & Regional Calendars 2026
India possesses one of the world's richest astronomical traditions. While modern civil life uses the Gregorian calendar, cultural, religious, agricultural, and auspicious timing across India relies on 14 distinct regional lunisolar and solar calendar systems. Explore each calendar system, its astronomical principles, and active monthly tools.
2027 Calendar Ecosystem & Sacred Vrat Portals
Explore dedicated 2027 calendars with Vikram Samvat 2083–2084, Ekadashi fasts, Purnima, and Amavasya.
Active Online Calendars (Live 2026 Tools)
These interactive calendar tools are fully implemented with monthly grids, astronomical calculations, Tithi details, and festival dates.
Hindu Calendar(हिन्दू पंचांग व कैलेंडर)
Era: Vikram Samvat 2082–2083 / Shaka 1948
Classical lunisolar calendar synchronizing lunar months (Chandramana) with solar years. Features 12 lunar months from Chaitra to Phalguna, Shukla/Krishna Paksha, Ekadashi, Pradosh, and all Vedic festivals.
Gujarati Calendar(ગુજરાતી કેલેન્ડર (પંચાંગ))
Era: Vikram Samvat 2082
Follows the ancient Amavasyanta convention where lunar months commence the day after Amavasya. Features Kartak to Aso months, Bestu Varas, Labh Pancham, and real-time Day & Night Choghadiya muhurats.
Astronomical Architecture of Indian Calendars
Unlike purely solar calendars (like Gregorian) or purely lunar calendars (like Islamic Hijri), Indian traditional calendars fall into three distinct scientific categories:
Synchronizes lunar months with solar years by inserting an intercalary leap month (Adhik Maas / Purushottam Maas) roughly every 32.5 months. Each month has 30 lunar days (Tithis) divided into Shukla Paksha (Waxing) and Krishna Paksha (Waning).
Tracks the movement of the Sun through the 12 Nirayana zodiac signs (Rasis). The moment the Sun enters a new sign is called Sankranti, which marks the beginning of a new solar month. Years average 365.25 days without need for leap months.
Purnimanta (prevalent in North India) ends each month on Purnima (Full Moon), with Krishna Paksha starting the month. Amavasyanta (Gujarat, Maharashtra, South India) ends the month on Amavasya (New Moon), with Shukla Paksha starting the month.
Regional Calendar Systems (Expansion Roadmap)
The following regional calendars are documented in our astronomical database and scheduled for dedicated interactive interfaces in upcoming releases. No mock or incomplete pages are deployed.
Bengali Calendarবাংলা পঞ্জিকা (Bangabda)
Bangabda 1432–1433
Solar sidereal calendar based on the Surya Siddhanta astronomical model. Governs Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Saraswati Puja, and Poila Boishakh celebrations.
Marathi Calendarमराठी दिनदर्शिका
Shaka Samvat 1948
Follows Shalivahana Shaka Samvat and the Amavasyanta lunar month reckoning. Celebrates Gudi Padwa as the New Year, Pola, Ganeshotsav, and Ashadhi Ekadashi Pandharpur Wari.
Tamil Calendarதமிழ் நாட்காட்டி
Tiruvalluvar Aandu 2057
Sidereal solar calendar synchronized with the Sun's transit through the 12 Nirayana zodiac signs (Rasis) from Chithirai to Panguni. Major celebrations include Puthandu, Pongal, and Karthigai Deepam.
Telugu Calendarతెలుగు పంచాంగం
Shaka Samvat 1948 (Krodhi Nama Samvatsara)
Chandramana lunisolar system counting sixty-year Samvatsara cycles according to the Brihaspati cycle. Key observances include Ugadi, Sri Rama Navami, and Bonalu.
Kannada Calendarಕನ್ನಡ ಪಂಚಾಂಗ
Shaka Samvat 1948
Amavasyanta Chandramana calendar traditional to Karnataka. Begins the year with Yugadi and tracks lunar tithis for Karaga, Varamahalakshmi, and Mysuru Dasara.
Malayalam Calendarമലയാള പഞ്ചാംഗം (Kollavarsham)
Kollam Era 1201–1202
Solar calendar introduced in 825 CE (Kollavarsham). Months are named after zodiac constellations (Chingam to Karkkidakam). Centerpiece celebrations include Onam and Vishu.
Odia Calendarଓଡ଼ିଆ ପଞ୍જીକા (Panjika)
Saka Samvat / Anka Era
Traditional Odia solar calendar synchronized with Sri Jagannath Temple rituals in Puri. Begins the solar year on Pana Sankranti (Maha Vishuva) and guides Rath Yatra.
Assamese Calendarঅসমীয়া পঞ্জিকা
Bhaskarabda 1432–1433
Solar calendar originating from Kumar Bhaskaravarman. Divides the year into Bohag, Jeth, Ahar, etc., with cultural focus on the three seasonal Bihu festivals.
Punjabi Calendarਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਕੈલੰડਰ (Bikrami / Nanakshahi)
Bikrami Samvat 2083 / Nanakshahi 558
Traditional Punjabi solar calendar beginning with the harvest festival of Vaisakhi (month of Vaisakh), tracking Sangrand solar ingress days and agricultural seasons.
Nepali Calendarनेपाली पात्रो (Bikram Sambat)
Bikram Sambat 2083
The official civil calendar of Nepal, running approximately 56 years and 8.5 months ahead of the Gregorian calendar. Months range from Baishakh to Chaitra.
Jain Calendarજૈન પંચાંગ / जैन पंचांग
Vira Nirvana Samvat 2552
Commemorates the Nirvana of Bhagwan Mahavira in 527 BCE. Tracks Jain Tithi, Paryushan Parva, Samvatsari, Mahavir Jayanti, and Oli fast periods.
ISKCON Vaishnava CalendarGaurabda Panjika
Gaurabda 540
Gaudiya Vaishnava lunisolar calendar dating from the divine advent of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1486 CE). Focuses on Shuddha Ekadashi, Parana timings, and appearance days.
Frequently Asked Questions About Indian Calendars
Why do Indian festivals occur on different Gregorian dates every year?
Traditional Indian festivals are governed by lunar Tithis and solar transits (Sankranti). Because a lunar year has approximately 354 days (about 11 days shorter than the 365.25-day solar year), lunar festival dates drift earlier each year in the Gregorian calendar until an Adhik Maas (intercalary leap month) realigns them every ~3 years.
What is the difference between Vikram Samvat and Shaka Samvat?
Vikram Samvat was established by King Vikramaditya in 57 BCE (so 2026 CE is Vikram Samvat 2082–2083). Shaka Samvat was established in 78 CE (so 2026 CE is Shaka 1948). The National Calendar of India adopts the Shaka Samvat era, while the Vikram Samvat era is widely used for religious observances in Northern and Western India.
Why does the Gujarati New Year start after Diwali?
In Gujarat, the calendar year begins with the month of Kartak on Shukla Pratipada (Bestu Varas), which immediately follows Diwali (Kartak Amavasya). In North India, the year begins in Chaitra (March–April), while in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Bengal, the solar new year starts in mid-April.
Connected Astro & Spiritual Portals
Access live Tithi, Nakshatra, Puja Vidhi rituals, and companion relationship tools.
हिन्दू पंचांग (कार्तिक मास)
कार्तिक मास की दर्श अमावस्या की सही खगोलीय तिथि देखें।
दीपावली लक्ष्मी पूजन विधि
प्रदोष काल एवं स्थिर लग्न में महालक्ष्मी पूजन की सम्पूर्ण प्रामाणिक विधि।
श्री महालक्ष्मी जी की आरती
ॐ जय लक्ष्मी माता - शुद्ध पाठ, अर्थ एवं संध्या आरती।
आगामी शीतकालीन पर्व
गोवर्धन पूजा, भाई दूज, छठ पूजा और तुलसी विवाह की तिथियाँ।